Does a straight beat a pair?

Yes. A straight beats a pair in poker — every time. In the ranking of 10 hand categories, straight is #6 and one pair is #9. Categories are compared first: even the wheel (A-2-3-4-5) beats a pair of aces — the category always decides first.

#6
Straight — wins

Five cards in a row, mixed suits.

9♠8♦7♣6♥5♠
#9
One Pair — loses

Two cards of the same rank.

10♠10♥A♦6♣3♠

How rare is each hand?

Rarity is exactly why the order is what it is. Out of 2,598,960 possible five-card hands, a straight shows up in 0.392% of them (10,200 combinations), while a pair appears in 42.3% (1,098,240 combinations). The harder a hand is to make, the higher it ranks.

Does a pair ever beat a straight?

No — never. The category comparison is absolute: the highest possible one pair still loses to the lowest possible straight. Ranks inside a category only matter when both players hold the same category.

Prove it to yourself

Which hand wins? Tap it.

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